What is MAGNETIC PROPERTIES,magnetic properties all definitions.
INTRODUCTION
Magnetism is the one of the property of materials which can attract other magnetic materials. It occurs due to the interactions of uncompensated magnetic moments of the constituent atoms or molecules. Every substance is made up of number of atoms. Each atom has electrons, particles that carry electric charges. They spinning like tops, the electrons are revolving around the nucleus, of an atom. Their movement generates weak electric current and causes magnetism. This magnetism/magnetic materials plays an important role in many technological applications such as speakers, toys, motors, ac to dc converters etc.
DEFINATIONS
(i) Magnetism:
It is the property of materials to attract the other magnetic materials.
(ii) Magnetic dipole: A magnet consists of north and south poles separated by
distance which is known as magnetic dipole.
(iii) Magnetic dipole moment: The product of magnetic pole strength (m) and distance
(2l) between the two poles is called as magnetic dipole moment. It is denoted by
µm.
µm = m X 2l
(or)
The product of electric current and cross sectional area of a coil is known as
magnetic dipole moment.
i.e µm = I X A. It is measured in Am2
.
(iv) Magnetic field: The space around a magnet where its influence is present is known as magnetic field.
(v) Magnetic field density (B): The number of magnetic lines of force passing through a unit area of cross section is called as magnetic flux density. It is measured in
Wbm-2
or Tesla.
B =ϕ/A
(vi) Magnetic field intensity or field strength (H): The force experience by a unit north pole placed at a given point in a magnetic field. It is measured in Am-1.
(vii) Magnetization: It is the process of converting a magnetic substance to a magnet is known as magnetization. (or) The magnetic moment per unit volume is also is known as magnetization.
(viii) Magnetic permeability (µ): It is used to measure the amount of magnetic lines of force passing through a material. (or) The ratio between the magnetic flux density to the magnetic field strength.
μ =B/H